A debt collector may contact you if you have overdue repayments for a loan, credit card, utility bill or other type of debt. Usually, the bank or account provider will contact you about repayments first. But if that doesn't work they may pass your details on to a debt collector.
While dealing with an overdue debt can be overwhelming, it’s easier to manage when you understand the process and your rights.
Need help now? You can call the National Debt Helpline on 1800 007 007 to speak to a financial counsellor for free, or visit the website for online chat support and other resources.
If a lender has contacted you about an overdue debt and you haven't responded or made any repayment, it may refer the account to an independent debt collection agency.
Keep in mind that debt collectors are usually seen as a last resort for accounts that are overdue or "in default" – which can happen if you haven't made a payment for at least 60 days and owe $150 or more.
If you're struggling to pay a bill and are worried it may be given to a debt collector, contact the provider and let them know what's going on. It could offer you hardship support and/or a payment plan to help you clear the debt without involving third-party debt collectors at all.
The most common way for debt collectors to contact you is by phone, either on your given landline or mobile number. However, they can also contact you by letter, in person or online through email or even via social media.
When a provider sells or passes your debt on to a collection agency, it gives the debt collector your account information. This usually includes contact details such as your phone number, email address and street or postal address.
A debt collector could also use the name on your account to search for you online.
The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) and the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) have outlined a set of debt collection guidelines for creditors, debt collectors and people in debt. We’ve summarised these recommendations in the table below:
| Type of contact | Times | Contact recommendations |
|---|---|---|
| Phone | Monday to Friday: 7:30am to 9pm Weekends: 9am to 9pm | You could be contacted up to 3 times per week or 10 times per month in total |
| Other (letters, emails, social media etc) | No specific hours listed | You could be contacted up to 3 times per week or 10 times per month in total |
| Workplace contact | 9am to 5pm on weekdays or your normal work hours (if known) | You could be contacted up to 3 times per week or 10 times per month in total |
| In person | Weekdays and weekends: 9am to 9pm | Debt collectors should limit in-person contact to once per month and only when there is no other way to contact someone |
Debt collectors are advised to respect any reasonable requests you have for contact within specific hours, based on your circumstances. If you think a debt collector is contacting you too often, or not giving you an opportunity to respond, contact the company to complain or make a consumer complaint with the ACCC.
As well as recommendations around how often a debt collector can contact you, there are also regulations and requirements that help protect your right to privacy. For example, a debt collector is not allowed to give anyone else details about your financial situation or to reveal that they are a debt collector unless you give them permission to do so.
This means if a debt collector contacts you at home or work and you’re not there, they can’t tell anyone else about the situation. Similarly, if they contact you online, they have to be reasonably sure that no one else will see the information. If you think a debt collector has breached privacy laws, contact the Office of the Privacy Commissioner.
If a debt collector contacts you, aim to respond to them as soon as possible so that you can deal with the overdue account. Depending on your circumstances, you may be able to consider some of the following options:
Ignoring a debt collector won't make them go away. But some of the reasons they may stop or reduce contact with you include:
For most debts in Australia, the debt collector or creditor can take legal action within 6 years from the date of your last payment, or from when you acknowledged in writing that you owed the debt (whichever is later).
But there are a few situations where they may have up to 15 years to collect the debt. For example, if court action was started for a mortgage on a property, the debt collector would have 6 years from that date to claim interest costs and 12 years to recover the principal amount borrowed.
If a debt collector has contacted you about a debt that you don’t think is yours, or if the amount of debt seems wrong, ask for a copy of your account information and contract. Check these details against your own and then contact the provider to dispute the debt.
If necessary, provide copies of any additional details, such as payments you’ve made that aren’t recorded on your account. If the situation still isn’t resolved, you can also get free legal advice through the Community Legal Centres Australia.
Dealing with overdue debts can be overwhelming, but there are many ways to get back on track. So now that you know how the process works, you can take steps to deal with your repayments in a way that works for you.
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