Cost and health insurance options for C-sections in Australia
Cesarean sections are used in one-third of all Australian births and can be elective or medically necessary. The cost of an elective C-section can be over $10,000 if it's not covered under Medicare or private health insurance.
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As a public patient in a public hospital, C-sections will be fully covered under Medicare. In a private hospital, surgery for a C-section can cost over $10,000 on average, although estimates do vary. Bupa's surgery cost calculator, for example, puts the average price at $11,476. Of course, this cost can be reduced with private health insurance.
Compare private health insurance that covers Cesarean sections
Most health funds have Gold-tier policies that cover pregnancy, almost all of which have a 12 month waiting period. The following table compares some policies from Finder partners that cover pregnancy. All prices are based on a single individual with less than $97,000 income and living in Sydney.
Depending on your age, you may be eligible for an
aged-based discount. This is used to estimate your
rebate.
Under 65
65 - 69
70 or older
What's your household's taxable income?
This is the combined income you and your spouse earn before tax. It's needed to calculate the correct Australian government rebate.
$93,000 and under
$93,001 to $108,000
$108,001 to $144,000
$144,001 and over
What kind of health insurance do you need?
Combined (Extras + Hospitals)
Extras
Hospital
What level of hospital coverage would you like?
You can change this at any time later.
Legend
Covered
Restricted cover, You may be partially covered for
this category.
Not covered. Optional for insurer to include.
*Prices updated March 2024, in line with Finder's
database of health insurance policies. Prices are based
on a single individual with less than $93,000 income and
living in Sydney with a $750 excess.
What extras cover do you need? (Optional)
Select as many as you want or move to the next step
Preventative & general dental
Major dental & implants
Optical
Physiotherapy
Podiatry
Non-PBS pharmaceuticals
Chiropractic
Emergency ambulance
Remedial massage
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Comparing quotes from 40+ funds...
Finder survey: What are the main reasons Australians have hospital insurance?
Response
For pregnancy cover
4.49%
Source: Finder survey by Pure Profile of 1006 Australians, December 2023
What is a Cesarean section?
C-section is a common nickname for caesarean section, a procedure where your baby is delivered surgically. It is relatively safe and can take anywhere from 45 minutes to an hour, although it can take longer in emergency situations. C-sections can be performed while you are awake or knocked out with a general anaesthesia.
Here is what happens during a normal C-section:
Nurses will hook you up to monitors and to an IV. Either before you reach the operating room or once you're in it, nurses will start monitoring your vitals and hook you up to an IV to keep you hydrated and nourished.
Nurses will prepare you for the procedure. Nurses will scrub down your belly to prepare you for the surgery.
You’ll get something for the pain. An anaesthesiologist will numb the lower part of your body with a general anaesthetic, allowing you to stay awake to witness the birth.
Doctors will deliver the baby. Your obstetrician will cut open the abdomen and uterus, pull the baby out, cut the umbilical cord and remove the placenta.
You’ll get some baby time. You'll get a short amount of skin-to-skin time with the baby before you need to be sewn back up.
Doctors will stitch the wound. Nurses will take the baby for routine testing while the doctors stitch you back up.
You’ll recover. You’ll stay in the hospital anywhere from 5-7 days as you recover from the surgery.
What happens during an emergency Cesarean?
An emergency C-section is a C-section that you doctor decides to do after you've gone into labour and because a complication could threaten the life of you or your baby. In NSW, 12% of all births (38% of all C-sections) were done by emergency C-section in 2016.
While these are fairly common, you shouldn’t fret because they are still considered safe. The word “emergency” refers more to what would happen if you didn’t have the C-section.
With an emergency C-section, there may not be enough time to numb the lower part of the body, so they may just have to knock you out completely with a general anaesthetic.
The surgery will then go on as normal, but you'll need a little longer to recover.
All of this is not quite the same as a C-section that your doctor decides to do because of a prolonged labour. In the second case, it’s still a last-minute decision but there's no rush to do it and you can avoid having to be knocked out completely.
When would you need a C-section?
You can have a C-section for a variety of reasons, most of them being medically necessary. Some women decide to have a C-section out of personal preference, but it is strongly discouraged and it’s difficult to find a hospital that will do one for you if there is no good reason.
Doctors can tell if you’ll need a C-section anywhere from several months before the birth up until the due date. In some cases, an emergency C-section is required at the last minute.
Here are the most common reasons why you would need a C-section:
The baby is positioned awkwardly inside the womb. If the baby's head is not pointed toward the birth canal, a C-section may be the best way to go.
Your labour lasts too long. This can occur for any number of reasons, from your cervix not dilating completely to your baby not being in the right position.
Your baby is large. Sometimes the baby's head it too large to pass through the mother's pelvis, in which case a C-section is necessary.
You're having twins. Having twins increases the chances of a prolonged labour and/or one of the babies being positioned awkwardly.
The baby is distressed. This means the baby isn't getting enough oxygen and you’ll need an emergency C-section. One cause of this is cord prolapse, where the umbilical cord slips through the cervix and your contractions put too much pressure on it.
You've had a C-section before. Having a prior C-section doesn't automatically mean you need to have another one. However, there are some risks to having a naturalbirth after caesarean (VBAC), so doctors will need to run some tests and may require you to have another C-section just to be safe.
You have other health issues. If you have health issues as a result of the pregnancy or independent of it, you might need a C-section. Examples include high blood pressure (called preeclampsia during pregnancy), diabetes (pregnancy-related or otherwise) or an outbreak of a sexually transmitted disease like herpes.
You've had past psychological trauma. Women who have psychological trauma related to their sexual organs can often get a licensed psychologist to refer them for a C-section in order to avoid triggering traumatic memories.
What is an elective C-section?
An elective C-section is basically any C-section that is not an emergency. This includes most medically necessary C-sections where you've had enough time to organise the procedure, as well as non-medically necessary C-sections that you choose to have based on personal preference.
Again, most doctors do not recommend a C-section unless it is medically necessary. In fact the World Health Organisation strongly recommends against it. C-sections have been linked to increased rates of obesity and asthma in the child and rare but serious complications in the mother including complications with future pregnancies.
Medicare (public) vs private C-sections
Medicare and private health insurance will both cover you for a medically necessary C-section, but the private system offers more in the way of comfort and flexibility. That's why more than 45% of all 2016 births took place in a private hospital. In a private hospital, you can choose your own obstetrician, choose your own hospital and get your own private room.
Of course, the cost of a C-section is different between public and private hospitals. The best way to understand this is by comparing how Medicare will pay for a C-section against how private health insurance will cover you in a private hospital.
How does Medicare treat C-sections? (aka the public system)
How does private health insurance treat C-sections? (aka the private system)
Medicare will cover 75% of the amount it would have paid for the procedure if you had gone public.
If you have private health insurance that covers pregnancy, it will pay the additional 25%.
You are responsible for paying any amount above this that the doctor chooses to charge (because private doctors can charge whatever they want).
Other fees
Medicare will cover the hospital accommodation fees, theatre fees, doctor's fees, medication and tests.
You and/or your private insurer are responsible for the cost of hospital accommodation fees, theatre fees, doctor's fees, medication and tests.
Where you’re treated
You’ll deliver in a public hospital and you may or may not get your own private room.
You’ll deliver in a private hospital and can request your own private room.
Who will treat you
You will be treated by a public doctor that is assigned to you.
You will be treated by the doctor of your choice.
Getting a C-section that is not medically necessary
Medicare covers all births but public hospitals may not perform a C-section unless it is medically necessary. Medically necessary may include for mental health reasons.
Not all private hospitals will agree to perform an unnecessary C-section, but you may find one that does. You can do this with or without health insurance, but the costs can skyrocket without a private insurer helping to cover you.
What is an epidural?
People use the term "epidural" as if it refers to a particular drug, but it actually refers to a space within your spinal canal near the spinal nerves. Your anaesthesiologist will insert a tube into this space where they’ll inject a regional anaesthetic that will continue to flow throughout the delivery. This process is called an epidural block.
Regional anaesthetics relieve pain in one region of your body (in this case your lower body) rather than "put you out" like a general anaesthetic would. The result is that you are still awake and conscious, yet pain-free.
When would you need an epidural?
Epidural blocks are mostly used during births, because the medicine is meant to be delivered continuously. That’s perfect for a prolonged labour.
For a C-section, your anaesthesiologist might give you a spinal block instead. This is a one-time injection that comes on stronger and wears off quicker than an epidural.
If the doctor makes a last-minute decision to do a C-section and you already have the epidural tube inserted, they may just keep you on the epidural instead.
How much do epidural and spinal blocks cost?
Just like the C-section itself, the total cost of the anaesthesia depends on the circumstances: whether you go public or private, how long the anaesthesiologist needs to be there to monitor you and whether or not the treatment takes place after hours.
If you need an epidural, a spinal or both, you may see the following charges:
A initial consultation with the anaesthesiologist
The initial injection
Ongoing administration of the block including the anaesthesiologist’s time if they’re required to be there to monitor you
Any doctor's fees the anaesthesiologist charges
If you're in a public hospital, all of this will be covered by Medicare. If you go private, Medicare will cover part of the cost of the first three items and it will be up to you and/or your private health insurer to cover the rest of those costs, plus any fees.
Frequently asked questions
You need hospital cover that includes obstetrics to be covered for a C-section under private health insurance.
Yes, most health insurers have a 12-month waiting period for pregnancy-related services, including C-sections.
Tim Bennett is a Finder insurance & utilities expert. For over 10 years he's reported on news, politics, finance and other topics as a journalist and radio presenter. Tim's roles have included radio news reader and breakfast at the ABC, news producer for SBS and producer for Fairfax Media. Tim regularly appears as a health insurance expert on programs like Sunrise and SBS news, as well as in the Australian, The Daily Telegraph, The Courier Mail and more. See full bio
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Tim has written 121 Finder guides across topics including:
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Depending on your age, you may be eligible for an
aged-based discount. This is used to estimate your
rebate.
Under 65
65 - 69
70 or older
What's your household's taxable income?
This is the combined income you and your spouse earn before tax. It's needed to calculate the correct Australian government rebate.
$93,000 and under
$93,001 to $108,000
$108,001 to $144,000
$144,001 and over
What kind of health insurance do you need?
Combined (Extras + Hospitals)
Extras
Hospital
What level of hospital coverage would you like?
You can change this at any time later.
Legend
Covered
Restricted cover, You may be partially covered for
this category.
Not covered. Optional for insurer to include.
*Prices updated March 2024, in line with Finder's
database of health insurance policies. Prices are based
on a single individual with less than $93,000 income and
living in Sydney with a $750 excess.
What extras cover do you need? (Optional)
Select as many as you want or move to the next step
Preventative & general dental
Major dental & implants
Optical
Physiotherapy
Podiatry
Non-PBS pharmaceuticals
Chiropractic
Emergency ambulance
Remedial massage
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